c. 100,000 BCE
Art & Culture
Southern Africa
Pigment workshops
Ochre-processing kits with abalone shell containers at Blombos Cave.
Why it mattered
The earliest known chemistry: deliberate mixing of substances to make a new material.
Stone Age
100,000 BCE
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Nearby in the record
c. 75,000 BCEArt & Culture
Shell bead ornaments
Southern Africa
c. 70,000 BCEArt & Culture
Engraved abstract designs
Southern Africa
c. 65,000 BCEExploration
Peopling of Australia
Australia
c. 64,000 BCEWarfare
Bow and arrow
Southern Africa
c. 50,000 BCETransportation
Seafaring to Sahul
Southeast Asia and Oceania
c. 45,000 BCEArt & Culture
Bone flutes
Central Europe