c. 50
Energy
Roman Empire
Watermill
Vertical waterwheels grind grain across the Roman world.
Why it mattered
The first widely used non-animal power source.
Antiquity
50
2 recorded milestones at this point in the record.
c. 50
Medicine
Roman Empire
Roman surgical instrument kit
Standardised scalpels, forceps, catheters and bone drills served army surgeons.
Why it mattered
Professionalised battlefield and civil surgery.
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